⚡ Quick Answer

Roman numerals use letters: I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000. To convert: write the largest values first. 2024 = MMXXIV (2000+20+4). When a smaller numeral appears before a larger one, subtract it: IV=4, IX=9, XL=40, XC=90, CD=400, CM=900.

📂 Math

🏛️ Roman Numeral Converter

Convert numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to numbers instantly. Includes a full conversion table and rules explanation. Perfect for students, tattoos, clocks, and more!

✏️ Enter Your Values

Conversion Direction 🔢 Enter Number (1 - 3999)

I=1 V=5 X=10 L=50 C=100 D=500 M=1000

✨ Your Result

🦉Owl's Explanation

🏛️

Fill in the values above and click Calculate ✨

✅ Trusted Tool

The 365tool.net Roman Numeral Converter handles all standard Roman numerals from 1 to 3,999. Free for students, designers, and anyone who needs Roman numeral conversion. No sign-up needed.

🤔 How Does This Work?

The Roman Numeral Converter uses lookup tables for conversion:

Number to Roman: Repeatedly subtract the largest possible Roman value (M, CM, D, CD, C, XC, L, XL, X, IX, V, IV, I) and append the corresponding symbol
Roman to Number: Read left to right; if a symbol is smaller than the next, subtract it; otherwise add it

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

How do Roman numerals work?▼

Roman numerals use 7 letters: I(1), V(5), X(10), L(50), C(100), D(500), M(1000). Write from largest to smallest. When a smaller numeral appears before a larger one, subtract it. IV=4 (5-1), IX=9 (10-1), XL=40 (50-10), XC=90 (100-10), CD=400 (500-100), CM=900 (1000-100).

What is the largest Roman numeral?▼

MMMCMXCIX = 3,999 is the largest standard Roman numeral. Romans used a bar over a numeral to multiply by 1,000 (V with bar = 5,000) but this is rare in modern use. Most Roman numeral usage today stays within 1-3,999.

Where are Roman numerals used today?▼

Clock faces (XII, III, VI, IX), movie sequels (Rocky IV, Fast X), Super Bowl numbers (Super Bowl LVIII), book chapters, year of production on buildings and films, tattoos, names (Henry VIII, Pope John Paul II), outlines in documents.

Why do clock faces sometimes use IIII instead of IV?▼

Historical clockmakers often used IIII instead of IV for several reasons: visual balance (four I symbols balance the VIII on the opposite side), easier reading at a glance, tradition from early sundials, and to avoid confusion with the letters IV (abbreviation for Iuppiter, king of Roman gods).

How do you write the current year in Roman numerals?▼

2024 = MMXXIV. 2025 = MMXXV. 2026 = MMXXVI. Breaking down 2024: MM=2000, XX=20, IV=4. The year of this website's creation was MMXXV!